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robert collier commissioned a trophy in

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1910 to encourage the american aviation

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community to strive for excellence in

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aeronautic development

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since that time the robert j collier

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trophy has been presented in honor of

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the greatest achievements in aeronautics

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the list of award winners has come to

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represent a veritable timeline of

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aviation as many of the awardees mark

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building a spacecraft takes just about

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everything technical in the encyclopedia

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you have to build a little microcosm out

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there and everything that it takes to be

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a functioning human being on the ground

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you have to replicate out there

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when you decide to do it internationally

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then it truly does become a

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representation of the earth from which

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we come and so we bring all of our

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problems requiring all the solutions

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with us whether it's environmental or

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food or more political or financial

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we all have to face it so this becomes a

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little laboratory a testing ground where

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it involves so many different cultures

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not just people culture but space

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cultures and they're all very different

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and so that

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the biggest challenge is is getting

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everybody to appreciate and understand

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how these all work together technically

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we're all very smart people you know

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physics is physics and we're going to

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solve problems but getting everybody to

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or to overcome the boundaries of the

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cultures both people and and space

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as you look through history there are

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many great achievements

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that you could point to in

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terms of

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stretching technology of of the time and

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of the moment

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got all the wonders of the world that we

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know of in history

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both in ancient history and modern

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history

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i think the iss is the greatest

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human endeavor ever in the history of

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the world in terms of complexity

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uh

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and the challenges that are brought with

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that complexity

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but today we find history is important

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to telling us where we've been and where

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we're going

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we don't

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very basic exploration things we did

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to get to the west coast of this country

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are similar things you have to prepare

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for in order to travel to mars i mean

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it's all about logistics and having a

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vehicle that will get you there safely

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and and understanding the risk

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associated with it that's that's in our

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history and that's something that kids

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the biggest shock i would say the

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biggest impact that i had

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during my flight is the first time i

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looked out the window of the orbiter and

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saw the space station

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it was huge it was huge and shiny and

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beautiful looking at it and knowing that

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a man-made

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the iss comes in sort of two flavors

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there's the technological achievement of

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building it at all and then there's the

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scientific achievements that will start

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flowing faster as the laboratories are

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activated and so the engineering

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challenge of bootstrapping up from parts

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that are

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not capable of surviving on their own

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having to care for them on the launch

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having to integrate them in to activate

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them and keep the viable space station

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running in all stages of development

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it's one of the hardest technical things

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to look out the window from the space

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station space shuttle or any spacecraft

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and view the earth is just a

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magnificent experience to see all of the

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details

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of the planet's surface the the planet

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uh is vibrant when you look at it i mean

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that we

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are endeavoring in search for life

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elsewhere it's very obvious that there's

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life on earth it speaks of a vibrancy of

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life

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when i talk to folks all over i

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mentioned that none of these parts have

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been put together on earth and i think

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they all stop and go wow that's pretty

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incredible because when they get up to

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space they all magically fit together

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which means the cooperation on the

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engineering and technical side is really

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the iss role now is uh learning about

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all those things that we thought we were

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smart enough to design around but turns

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out maybe there was still a thing or two

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we needed to learn

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i think the biggest lessons learned from

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us are the ones where

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we find out why things didn't work

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exactly the way we planned on them

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i think we are at the verge of an era

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where not only cosmonauts will have

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access to space

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during the first part of space station

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construction we were able to have a

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strong science program now that we're

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finished building the space station

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we are going to be able to accomplish

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the dreams the initial dreams that we

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had for everything that we can do

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by having zero gravity by having a

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vibration free environment by by looking

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at

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protein crystals all these things will

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grow in space and we will get so much

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more science bang for the buck now that

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the children all over the planet can see

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it grow can read about its progress

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and they will come to realize that this

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is the time when the human species left

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the planet for good when we became a

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space faring species

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looking out into space

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you feel like you're

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our planet is just one of the very very

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many small little pieces that are part

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of the whole universe and so you sort of

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feel like

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even just part of earth is just a little

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citizen of our universe the iss broke

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the frontier on how to live and work in

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space over a long period of time and to

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sustain that operation from the ground

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over a long period of time

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and i firmly believe that the iss is in

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part anyway setting

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the the framework and the foundation to

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be able to do that for future

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exploration

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this is really the key to the future to

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learn how to operate internationally to

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make those trades to make those

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decisions to do the best thing not just

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for one country but for the overall good

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of all the partners that are

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participating

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that will be the real challenge as we

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move forward to more dynamic and more

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challenging environments even beyond

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space station i think that when people

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look back at

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this era of space exploration they'll

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realize that's the time that people look

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back at the planet and said

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i'm from that planet and not from that

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country

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as carl sagan said when we get to mars

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earth will be a pale blue dot and you

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won't really care which side of it you

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came from

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i think people will remember this